Emerging Economies’ Supply Shocks and Japan’s Price Deflation: International Transmissions in a Three-Country DSGE Model

This paper examines the international transmission effects that a positive supply shock in
emerging economies may have on inflation in developed economies. We construct a
dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) model for three countries and analyze the
impact of a supply shock in an emerging economy, the People’s Republic of China (PRC),
on inflation rates in two developed economies, the United States (US) and Japan. We
demonstrate that the assumed asymmetric trade structures among the three countries and
the PRC’s choice of exchange rate regime influence the international transmission of a
supply shock in the PRC. Specifically, Japan is under a greater deflationary pressure than
the US because of its vertical trade specialization vis-à-vis the PRC and the PRC’s USdollar-
pegged regime. This outcome suggests that, even though Japan and the US may face
common positive supply shocks from emerging economies, the deflationary impact of the
shock is greater for Japan.