Issues on the Official Poverty Estimation Methodology in the Philippines: Comparability of Estimates across Space and Over Time

In the effort to effectively monitor the progress or draw backs in the fight against poverty
to formulate more effective poverty reduction programs, the issue on comparability of the
official poverty estimates through space and time has been raised. The official estimates
are said to be inconsistent across regions because these are based on poverty lines that
vary across regions in the country. The differences are due to the use of different menus in
calculating the food thresholds for the different regions. The menus are designed to reflect
the regional variations in the food consumption patterns of Filipino families. On the other
hand, the incomparability of estimates across time has been a hurdle in effectively
monitoring progress made over longer period of time. This problem stems from using a
changing ratio of food expenditures to total basic expenditures (FE/TBE ratio), an indirect
way of estimating the poverty threshold. The ratio changes because the data being used
changes each time there is a new FIES dataset. In this paper, Bersales discussed the
validity of the current methods, laid out several options and the corresponding merits
and/or disadvantages and made several recommendations for future improvement of the
current methodology.